Fiber series fifth week news Abstract 6
Week News Abstract For Fiber Series in 10GTEK
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New satellites to extend China's military reach
China this week reached a milestone in its drive to master the military use of space with the launch of trials for its Beidou satellite
global positioning network, a move that will bring it one step closer to matching U.S. space capabilities.
If Beijing can successfully deploy the full 35 satellites planned for the Beidou network on schedule by 2020, its military will be free
of its current dependence for navigation on the U.S. global positioning network (GPS) signals and Russia's similar GLONASS system.
And, unlike the less accurate civilian versions of GPS and GLONASS available to the People's Liberation Army (PLA), this network will
give China the accuracy to guide missiles, smart munitions and other weapons.
"This will allow a big jump in the precision attack capability of the PLA," said Andrei Chang, a Hong Kong-based analyst of the Chinese
military and editor of Kanwa Asian Defense magazine.
China has launched 10 Beidou satellites and plans to launch six more by the end of next year, according to the China Satellite
Navigation Management Office.
Chinese and foreign military experts say the PLA's General Staff Department and General Armaments Department closely coordinate and
support all of China's space programs within the sprawling science and aerospace bureaucracy.
As part of this system, the Beidou, or "Big Dipper," network will have an important military role alongside the country's rapidly
expanding network of surveillance, imaging and remote sensing satellites.
China routinely denies having military ambitions in space.
Defense Ministry spokesman Yang Yujun Wednesday dismissed fears the Beidou network would pose a military threat, noting that all
international satellite navigation systems are designed for dual civilian and military use.
CATCHING UP WITH THE U.S.
China accelerated its military satellite research and development after PLA commanders found they were unable to track two U.S. aircraft
carrier battle groups deployed in 1996 to the Taiwan Strait at a time of high tension between the island and the mainland, analysts say.
The effort received a further boost when it was shown how crucial satellite networks were in the 1991 Gulf War, the 1999 NATO bombing of
Yugoslavia and the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
While China still lags the United States and Russia in overall space technology, over the last decade it has rapidly become a state-of-
the-art competitor in space-based surveillance after deploying a range of advanced satellite constellations that serve military and
civilian agencies.
With the launch of more than 30 surveillance satellites over the last decade, according to space technology experts, the PLA can monitor
an expanding area of the earth's surface with increased frequency, an important element of reliable military reconnaissance.
That coverage gives PLA commanders vastly improved capability to detect and track potential military targets.
Real-time satellite images and data can also be used to coordinate the operations of China's naval, missile and strike aircraft forces
in operations far from the mainland.
"What we are seeing is China broadly acquiring the same capabilities in this area as those held by the U.S.," said Ross Babbage, a
defense analyst and founder of the Canberra-based Kokoda Foundation, an independent security policy unit.
"Essentially, they are making most of the Western Pacific far more transparent to their military."
In a recent article for the Journal of Strategic Studies, researchers Eric Hagt and Matthew Durnin attempted to estimate the capability
of China's space network using orbital modeling software and available data on satellite performance.
China's most basic satellites carried electro-optical sensors capable of taking high resolution digital images in the visible and non-
visible wavelengths, wrote the authors.
More advanced satellites launched in recent years carried powerful synthetic aperture radars that could penetrate cloud and cover much
bigger areas in high detail.
Added to that, China was now deploying satellites that could monitor electronic signals and emissions, so-called electronic intelligence
or ELINT platforms, the authors said.
"Next to China, only the United States possesses more capable tactical support systems in space for tactical operations," they wrote.
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China market: Qualcomm deepens penetration in entry-level smartphone segment
Owing to concerns of hardware specifications, support of operating systems, product diversification and global marketing, more and more
handset makers have strengthened their cooperation with Qualcomm, especially after the availability of QRD (Qualcomm reference design),
industry sources indicated.
Over 80 China-based handset makers have employed Qualcomm's solutions, and more than 30 Android smartphones have been rolled out
utilizing QRD solutions, the sources revealed.
In December 2011, China Unicom launched eight models of 4-inch, 1GHz smartphones, of which five run on Qualcomm's processors, said the
sources, noting that other makers including ZTE, Huawei Device, Hisense and Coolpad are also using CPUs from Qualcomm.
The fast adoption of Qualcomm 1GHz CPUs in the production of low-priced smartphones by China-based handset vendors is likely to make
1GHz CPUs a standard for all entry-level smartphones in 2012, the sources commented.
While leading in the CDMA and WCDMA chipset segments in China, Qualcomm still lags MediaTek, Spreadtrum Communications and T3G in the
TD-SCDMA sector, the sources noted.
To address its weakness, Qualcomm plans to launch TD-LTE chips that will be downward compatible with TD-SCDMA and GSM technologies in
2012, the sources indicated.
??????5 Predictions For The Chinese Mobile Market For 2012
The number of mobile phone users in China exceeded 940 million in September 2011, and more than half of new users chose 3G devices. All
signs point to China as the next big mobile frontier, and mobile gaming will be a key component in this growth and bring in the lion’s
share of revenue for the region.
This isn’t just a Chinese story. It is on the mind of every major mobile app developer from Brooklyn to Bangalore. I am seeing it first
hand with our game network: The9 Mobile experienced a 500 percent spike in new games in just the past two months, with half of our 635
game titles coming from Western developers. Over the same two-month period, the number of The9 Game Zone players has more than doubled.
The mobile games community is more than doubling every two months. Every two months. Yes, that’s a record pace. In light of historic
growth cycle, here are some predictions to keep in mind for 2012:
•The number of smartphones in China will surpass 100 million.
As of now, there are around 50 million iOS, Android and Windows smartphones in the country. While China Unicom provides iPhones, China
Mobile supports around 10 million iPhone users even without a contract with Apple. Feature phones have dominated in China because of
their low price point and the appeal of prepay phones, according to a recent VisionMobile study. And now carriers are starting to offer
prepaid smartphones as well. The drive for smartphones is alive and well in China and will continue to grow. This leads into my next
prediction…
•All three telecom carriers in China will support iOS.
We can see the obvious demand in the number of Chinese mobile users who have sought out non-contract iPhones. I expect that in 2012,
China Mobile and China Telecom will join China Unicom in signing official deals with Apple to make iPhones more widely available. In
turn, this will boost sales for iOS apps in China.
•The Chinese game distribution market will continue to splinter and grow to over 100 unique channels.
Unlike the centralized Apple and Android app stores in the U.S., China’s marketplace is highly fragmented, with games being distributed
by carriers, devices and third-party channels.The9 currently works with 43 channels, but this is just the beginning of a long-term era
of app distribution in China.
•Android devices will become the smartphones of choice in China.
Gartner reported that Android took over more than half of the global smartphone market for this first time in Q3 2011 – a number
boosted by higher smartphone sales in China and Russia than in the rest of the world. While there are no firm numbers on Android
smartphones in China, third-party Android app stores continue to crop up and manufacturers are building more local versions of Android
devices that specifically target Chinese consumers. The iOS alternative is both gaining popularity and becoming more readily available
•In-game purchases will become one of the main forms of revenue for mobile games.
In China, 95 percent of PC online games already revolve around micro-transactions. I expect that a lot of this money will transfer over
to in-game mobile purchases as the number of smartphones in China increases. This is great news for app developers as free-to-play
finally makes its mark in mobile.
While there may be debate over when China will become the largest superpower in the world, there’s no doubt that its superpower status
in mobile gaming will be confirmed by the end of 2012.
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The above information is edited by 10GTEK.
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